Listeriosis
Listeriosis is a bacterial disease, it is caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, motile, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium.Listeria is commonly found in nature , especially in soil, ground water, rotting vegetables, and animal feces (poop). Listeriosis is a food-born disease. When someone consume contaminated food it causes listeriosis disease.
There are two types of listeriosis such as non-invasive and invasive listeriosis. Non-Invasive listeriosis is mild disease in which patient have mild symptoms include diarrhoea, fever and headache and muscle pain. This is only cause by ingestion of food contains with Listeria monocytogenes. Invasive listeriosis is severe diseases that are majorly affected to the population. Invasive listeriosis specifically affect to the pregnant woman, cancer patient, elderly people and infant. This type of leteriosis have several symptoms including fever, septicemia, meningitis. The person may have risk of listeriosis when eating the contaminated food with bacterium listeria monocytogenes, then bacteria go into intestine long with the food. Listeria crosses the intestinal barrier and causes the infection. It is transmitted to the liver and spleen through blood streams, then it moves to the brain and placenta by blood vessel. This is causing the bloodstream infection or infection in the central nervous systems. Babies can also infected by the listeriosis disease by the mother during pregnancy.
Symptoms
- Fever
- Chills
- Headache
- Upset stomach
- Diarrhea
- Nausea and vomiting
- Mustache
- Tremors and convulsions
- Loss of balance
Cause/Risk factor
- Contaminated meat
- Raw vegetables contaminated with manure
- foods made with unpasteurized milk
- People who have weak immune systems
Diagnosis
Microbiology department
Listeria can be diagnosed by the culture method, in which listeria grows on the culture plate, the samples collected from the body fluid, such as blood and spinal fluid. In the below image, the listeria bacteria is found in the CSF to detect listeria meningitis. In which the bacteria show in coccoi in shape, non-spore and purple in colour. These results are obtained by the pathologist after performing cytology examinations.
Listeria bacteria under microscope
Reference:
1.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria
2.https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17721-listeriosis
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